370122 Papaver nudicaule L.
- L., Sp. Pl.: 507 (1753). Lectotype: Dillenius, Hort. Eltham. 2: 302, t. 224, f. 291. 1732. (Hanelt 1970: 80, Abb. 2). The type is assumed to be from southeastern Dahuria east of Lake Baikal.
Geography: Asian (N/C) & Asian (NE) & American Beringian.
Notes: The core of Papaver nudicaule s. lat. consists of yellow-flowered, relatively small-grown (often tussocky) plants of mountains and steppes in southern and southeastern Siberia and Central Asia. They have been described as ten or more species under the names P. ammophilum (Turcz.) Peschkova, P. canescens Tolm., P. chakassicum Peschkova, P. leiocarpum (Turcz.) Popov, P. nudicaule L. s. str., P. olchonense Peschkova, P. pseudocanescens Popov, P. sajchanense Grubov, P. turczaninovii Peschkova, P. udocanicum (Peschkova) Peschkova, and perhaps also P. involucratum Popov with white, pink, or reddish yellow flowers. Papaver nudicaule s. str. is, in Peschkova's concept, restricted to regions east of Lake Baikal in southeastern Siberia and neighboring areas. No representatives of this group reach or approach the Arctic.
More tall-grown and often less tussocky plants with often large yellow or sometimes white flowers are found in river valleys and open, lowland sites in central and eastern Siberia, northern Russian Far East and in northwestern North America. Peschkova reported P. jacuticum Peschkova and P. tenellum Tolm. from Siberia, the former to north of Jakutsk along the Lena River. She accepted no species of the P. nudicaule aggregate from northern Siberia. However, there are plants in the eastern Taimyr region (unnamed), on Wrangel island (P. nudicaule subsp. insulare), and in Alaska and the Yukon Territory (subsp. americanum) that belong in this group. We follow the ranks given in the literature but assume that species rank would be merited if Peschkova's approach to the more southern Siberian taxa is followed also for these taxa.
Three ploidy levels are documented from P. nudicaule s. lat. Diploids are reported by Kawatani and Ohno (1965) and documented from the Altai in FCM (Solstad 2009). Tetraploids and hexaploids are reported by several authors (see Solstad 2009), mainly from southern Siberia, Mongolia and China but also from Wrangel Island (hexaploid) and Alaska (tetraploid). We consider the high polyploid lower Lena River P. nudicaule var. riparium as outside P. nudicaule (see P. "lenaense" above).
In the AFLP analysis, all samples of the P. nudicaule aggregate clustered together but also with P. croceum and with P. setosum (from the P. rubro-aurantiacum aggregate). The internal relationships in this cluster were not resolved.
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Source: Maedin at Wikispecies
Higher Taxa
- Papaver [3701,genus]