344102 Phleum pratense subsp. pratense L.
Distribution
Northern Iceland: Persistent (Adventive)
Northern Fennoscandia: Persistent (Adventive)
Kanin - Pechora: Persistent (Adventive)
Svalbard - Franz Joseph Land: Casual (Adventive)
Polar Ural - Novaya Zemlya: Casual (Adventive)
Western Alaska: Persistent (Adventive)
Hudson Bay - Labrador: Persistent (Adventive)
Western Greenland: Persistent (Adventive)
Mid Arctic Tundra: Casual (Adventive)
Southern Arcti Tundra: Casual (Adventive)
Shrub Tundra: Persistent (Adventive)
Bordering boreal or alpine areas: Persistent (Adventive)
- L., Sp. Pl.: 59 (1753). Lectotype (LAPP): Sweden: "Lapland". Linnaean Lapland Herbarium 26 (Humphries in Jarvis et al. 1993: 75).
- Phleum nodosum L., Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 871 (1759). Described from central Europe. Lectotype (LINN): Herb. Linn. 81.2 (Dogan in Cafferty et al. 2000: 254). - Phleum pratense subsp. nodosum (L.) Arcang., Comp. Fl. Ital.: 757 (1882).
2n=
(1) 28 (4x). - Europe, Caucasus. - Two reports. Tetraploid in FCM, numerous populations, Fjellheim et al. (unpubl.)
(2) 42 (6x). - Europe, Siberia, Far East, Alaska, Canada. - Numerous reports. Hexaploid in FCM, numerous populations, Fjellheim et al. (unpubl.)
There are 1-3 old reports for each of the numbers of 2n = 21 (3x), 35 (5x), 49 (7x), 56 (8x), 63 (9x), 70 (10x), and 84 (12x), all from Europe.
Geography: European - Asian (W): ICE* NOR* RUS* ALA* CAN* GRL*.
Notes: Phleum pratense subsp. pratense is cultivated into the Arctic and sometimes escapes. Even if numerous chromosome numbers and ploidy levels are reported for Phleum pratense, the most widely distributed number and level for subsp. pratense is 2n = 42 (6x). It is proposed to be a case of autoploidy from the assumedly diploid, non-arctic subsp. bertolonii (DC.) Bornm. (see, e.g., Wilton and Klebesadel 1973, based on a comparison of karyotypes). There are some problems in correct naming of the diploids and tetraploids but that does not influence the arctic treatment. See Conert's (1998) summary of discussions concerning the races of P. pratense.
Higher Taxa
- Phleum [3441,genus]