340104b Elymus alaskanus subsp. borealis (Turcz.) Á. Löve & D. Löve
Distribution
Northern Iceland: Present only in the Borderline Arctic
Northern Fennoscandia: Presence uncertain
Kanin - Pechora: Rare
Polar Ural - Novaya Zemlya: Scattered
Yamal - Gydan: Rare
Taimyr - Severnaya Zemlya: Scattered
Anabar - Onenyo: Frequent
Kharaulakh: Frequent
Yana - Kolyma: Presence uncertain
West Chukotka: Frequent
Wrangel Island: Frequent
South Chukotka: Scattered
East Chukotka: Frequent
Western Alaska: Frequent
Northern Alaska - Yukon: Rare
Central Canada: Rare
Southern Arcti Tundra: Rare
Shrub Tundra: Frequent
Bordering boreal or alpine areas: Frequent
- Á. Löve & D. Löve, Bot. Not. 128: 502 (1976). - Triticum boreale Turcz., Fl. Baical.-Dahur. 2, 1: 345 (1856). Holotype (LE)?: Siberia: Yakutia, "ad viam Ochotensem ad fl. Aldan", 1835, leg. Kuznetzov. - Agropyron boreale (Turcz.) Drobow, Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 16: 84 (1916). - Roegneria borealis (Turcz.) Nevski, Fl. URSS 2: 624 (1934). - Elymus kronokensis subsp. borealis (Turcz.) Tzvelev, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 24 (1973).
- Agropyron kronokense Kom., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 87 (1914). Holotype (LE): Russian Far East: Kamtchatka, Kronotskii pass, 10. Aug. 1909, leg. V. Komarov 3180. - Roegneria kronokensis (Kom.) Tzvelev, Fl. Arct. URSS 2: 246 (1964). - Elymus kronokensis (Kom.) Tzvelev in Grubov, Rast. Tsentr. Azii 4: 216 (1968).
- Roegneria scandica Nevski, Fl. URSS 2: 624 (1934). Type (LE): European Russia: the Murman area, "Lapponia ponojensis, Orlov, ad rupes litorales", 31. July 1889, leg. Kihlman. - Elymus alaskanus subsp. scandicus (Nevski) Melderis, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 375 (1978). - Elymus kronokensis subsp. scandicus (Nevski) Tzvelev, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 182 (2000).
- Triticum violaceum f. subalpinum Neuman, Sver. Fl.: 726 (1901). Described from Scandinavia. - Elymus kronokensis subsp. subalpinus (Neum.) Tzvelev, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 24 (1973). - Elymus alaskanus subsp. subalpinus (Neum.) Á. Löve & D. Löve, Bot. Not. 128: 502 (1976).
2n=
28 (4x). - Europe (N), Siberia, Far East (N), Alaska, U.S.A. - Numerous reports under a plethora of names.
The reports listed by Löve and Löve (1975a) under E. trachycaulus subsp. borealis probably all stem from E. alaskanus in our concept but perhaps from several subspecies.
Geography: Circumpolar-alpine: (ICE) NOR? RUS SIB RFE ALA CAN.
Notes: Elven and Murray: Four taxa have been proposed - "borealis", "kronokensis", "scandicus", and "subalpinus" - by Tzvelev (1964e) as species of Roegneria, by Melderis in Hultén (1968b) partly as subspecies of Agropyron boreale together with "alaskanum" and "hyperarcticum", by Melderis (1980) as subspecies of Elymus alaskanus, and by Tzvelev (PAF proposal) as subspecies of E. kronokensis. Tzvelev (1964e) distinguished the three taxa he then recognized - as Roegneria borealis, R. kronokensis, and R. scandicus - on hairs on leaf surface only. There may be a taxonomically significant variation but this is not fully documented in Tzvelev's treatment, and he reported the taxa (in PAF proposal) as largely sympatric: "borealis" from Iceland through northern Europe, Siberia, and Alaska to Canada; "scandicus" from Iceland through northern Europe and Siberia to Alaska; and "kronokensis" as geographically more restricted within this range. This sympatry does not inspire confidence and may be due to the technicality of the characters applied for separation. Campbell and Soreng in Soreng et al. (2003) merged them all within E. alaskanus subsp. borealis and included in this subspecies also the Asian E. sajanensis (see below under subsp. hyperarcticus). Barkworth et al. (2007) synonymized some of the names with E. alaskanus subsp. alaskanus.
Elymus kronokensis s. str. (Tzvelev's subsp. kronokensis) is reported from the Russian Far East. The "scandicus" taxon has been considered by Nordic authors and by Melderis to be restricted to northern Europe, whereas Tzvelev considered it to be much more widespread (see above).
Higher Taxa
- Elymus alaskanus [340104,species]