3309084c Carex bigelowii subsp. ensifolia (Turcz. ex Ledeb.)
Distribution
Kanin - Pechora: Frequent
Svalbard - Franz Joseph Land: Rare
Polar Ural - Novaya Zemlya: Frequent
Yamal - Gydan: Frequent
Taimyr - Severnaya Zemlya: Frequent
Anabar - Onenyo: Frequent
Kharaulakh: Frequent
Yana - Kolyma: Frequent
West Chukotka: Frequent
Wrangel Island: Frequent
South Chukotka: Frequent
East Chukotka: Frequent
Western Alaska: Frequent
Northern Alaska - Yukon: Frequent
Central Canada: Scattered
Mid Arctic Tundra: Rare
Southern Arcti Tundra: Frequent
Shrub Tundra: Frequent
Bordering boreal or alpine areas: Frequent
Anabar - Onenyo: Rare
Kharaulakh: Rare
Yana - Kolyma: Scattered
West Chukotka: Frequent
Wrangel Island: Frequent
South Chukotka: Frequent
East Chukotka: Frequent
Western Alaska: Frequent
Northern Alaska - Yukon: Frequent
Central Canada: Scattered
Southern Arcti Tundra: Scattered
Shrub Tundra: Frequent
Bordering boreal or alpine areas: Frequent
Kanin - Pechora: Frequent
Svalbard - Franz Joseph Land: Rare
Polar Ural - Novaya Zemlya: Frequent
Yamal - Gydan: Frequent
Taimyr - Severnaya Zemlya: Frequent
Anabar - Onenyo: Frequent
Kharaulakh: Frequent
Yana - Kolyma: Scattered
Mid Arctic Tundra: Rare
Southern Arcti Tundra: Frequent
Shrub Tundra: Frequent
Bordering boreal or alpine areas: Frequent
Anabar - Onenyo: Rare
Kharaulakh: Scattered
Yana - Kolyma: Rare
Shrub Tundra: Rare
Bordering boreal or alpine areas: Frequent
Yana - Kolyma: Rare
West Chukotka: Scattered
South Chukotka: Frequent
East Chukotka: Rare
Shrub Tundra: Scattered
Bordering boreal or alpine areas: Frequent
- Carex ensifolia Turcz. ex Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 309 (1852). Described from "In alpibus Dahuriae" (Siberia). - Carex rigida subsp. ensifolia (Turcz. ex Ledeb.) Gorodkov, Zhurn. Russk. Bot. Obshch. 15: 182 (1930). Internal note: Check exact page for publication of the combination Carex rigida subsp. ensifolia.
- For possible synonyms, see notes.
2n=
See notes.
Geography: European (N) - Asian (N) - amphi-Beringian: NOR RUS SIB RFE ALA CAN.
Notes: For the non-Atlantic parts of northern Eurasia, Egorova (PAF proposal) accepted two subspecies of Carex bigelowii - subsp. arctisibirica in northeastern Europe and northern Siberia and subsp. rigidioides in northeastern Asia - and in addition C. lugens and C. soczavaeana as two species. This implies that the mainly Siberian C. ensifolia (close to subsp. arctisibirica) is merged within C. bigelowii in Egorova's proposal. See Egorova's (1999) arguments for a possible merger of C. soczavaeana, C. lugens, and C. consimilis.
The molecular data of Schönswetter et al. (2008) suggest that the plants under the names "arctisibirica", "lugens", "consimilis", and probably also "ensifolia", "rigidioides", and "soczavaeana", should be merged within one subspecies of C. bigelowii. The priority name of this taxon at level of subspecies would be either subsp. ensifolia or subsp. rigidioides (both Gorodkov 1930: 182). We have provisionally chosen the name subsp. ensifolia.
Carex bigelowii subsp. lugens (Holm.) T.V. Egorova, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 104 (1973); C. lugens Holm, Amer. J. Sci., ser. 4, 10: 269 (1900) holotype (CAN)?: Alaska: Kussiloff, July 1898, leg. W.H. Evans 425; C. ensifolia subsp. lugens (Holm) Vorosch. in A.K. Skvortsov, Florist. Issl. v Razn. Raionakh SSSR: 154 (1985); C. consimilis Holm, Amer. J. Sci., ser. 4, 10: 269 (1900) holotype (CAN): Canada: the Yukon Territory, Klondike, Indian Divide, leg. J. Macoun 53,878. 2n =60, based on at least five reports from the northern Russian Far East and Alaska. Distribution: Asian (NE) - Amphi-Beringian.
Murray, Elven, and Schönswetter: See the discussion of Standley et al. (2002) concerning the densely tussocky Carex lugens vs. the mat-forming rhizomatous C. consimilis. The morphological variation in the Siberian and Beringian regions does not seem to be more pronounced than in the North Atlantic regions where all variation now is included in one species, C. bigelowii.
Carex bigelowii subsp. arctisibirica (Jurtz.) Á. Löve & D. Löve, Univ. Colorado Stud., Ser. Biol. 24: 22 (1966); C. ensifolia subsp. arctisibirica Jurtz., Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1965: 308 (1965) holotype (LE): Siberia: Taimyr, 06. Aug. 1928, leg. A.I. Tolmachev 693; C. arctisibirica (Jurtz.) Czerep., Sosud. Rast. SSSR: 194 (1981); C. bigelowii var. arctisibirica (Jurtz.) Malyschev, Fl. Sibir. 3: 163 (1990). 2n = ca. 60 from Putorana in northern Siberia (Krogulevich 1976a). Distribution: European (N) - Asian (N).
Subspecies arctisibirica was recently confirmed from Svalbard (Spitsbergen), with good help from Egorova. The Spitsbergen plants closely resemble those from Novaya Zemlya and Taimyr. See Elven and Elvebakk (2002).
Carex bigelowii subsp. rigidioides (Gorodkov) T.V. Egorova, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 103 (1973); C. rigida subsp. rigidioides Gorodkov, Zhurn. Russk. Bot. Obshch. 15: 182 (1930) lectotype (LE): Russian Far East: Amursk Obl., 22. July 1910, leg. N. Prokhorov and O. Kuzeneva 677; Egorova (1999: 469); C. rigidioides (Gorodkov) V.I. Krecz., Fl. URSS 3: 228 (1935)]. 2n = 62 from Kolyma in the Russian Far East (Zhukova et al. 1973). Distribution: Asian (NE).
Egorova: Occurrence of subsp. rigidioides in Wrangel Island needs confirmation. The specimens seem to have been collected in the non-arctic Kolyma Mountains (mixed with Rhododendron redowskianum), with subsequent mixing of labels.
Carex soczavaeana Gorodkov, Zhurn. Russk. Bot. Obshch. 15: 185 (1930) lectotype (LE): Russian Far East: "Okhotskogo More, Tayuskay Guba, buchta Nagaeva", 05. July 1932, leg. Gorodkov and Tikhomirov; Egorova (1966a: 113); C. ensifolia subsp. soczavaeana (Gorodkov) Vorosch. in A.K. Skvortsov, Florist. Issl. v Razn. Raionakh SSSR: 154 (1985)]. 2n = ca. 80 from West Chukotka in the Russian Far East (Zhukova and Petrovsky 1976). Distribution: Asian (NE).