671608 Cardamine umbellata Greene
Distribution
East Chukotka: Rare
Western Alaska: Scattered
Northern Alaska - Yukon: Rare
Southern Arcti Tundra: Rare
Shrub Tundra: Scattered
Bordering boreal or alpine areas: Frequent
- Greene, Pittonia 3: 154 (1897). Type: Alaska: the Pribilof Islands, St. Paul Island, 1891-1892, leg. J.M. Macoun.
- Cardamine sylvatica var. kamtschatica Regel, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 34, 3: 172 (1861). Described from Kamtchatka (the Russian Far East). - Cardamine oligosperma var. kamtschatica (Regel) Detling, Amer. J. Bot. 24: 76 (1937). - Cardamine oligosperma subsp. kamtschatica (Regel) Cody, Canad. Field-Naturalist 108: 93 (1994).
2n=
(1) 32 (4x). - Far East (N). - Sokolovskaya (1968); Probatova and Sokolovskaya (1988).
(2) 48 (6x). - Far East (N), Canada (W). - Mulligan (1965a, seven counts); Yurtsev et al. (1975).
Geography: Amphi-Pacific - Cordilleran: RFE ALA.
Notes: Mulligan and Petrovsky: Cardamine oligosperma Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray and C. umbellata should be accepted as two species. The former is annual-biennial, Cordilleran (non-arctic), and diploid (2n = 16; Mulligan 1965a, Taylor and Mulligan 1968). The latter is perennial, amphi-Beringian, and tetraploid and hexaploid (see above). Transitions are unknown. Also Taylor and Mulligan (1968) argued for two species, in opposition to Hitchcock et al. (1964) who treated them as varieties.
Elven: Molecular data (Lihová et al. 2006) show that C. umbellata represents a separate lineage, more closely related to New Zealand species, and should not be merged with C. oligosperma. However, C. oligosperma might be part of its parentage.
Higher Taxa
- Cardamine [6716,genus]